Abdolreza Ahmadi; Saeed Gholamrezai; Fatemeh Sepahvand
Abstract
In the area of integrated weed management, the objective of this study is to identify and assess the educational requirements of farmers in the province of Lorestan. The research's statistical population comprises all rapeseed growers in Lorestan Province. A stratified sampling method was employed to ...
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In the area of integrated weed management, the objective of this study is to identify and assess the educational requirements of farmers in the province of Lorestan. The research's statistical population comprises all rapeseed growers in Lorestan Province. A stratified sampling method was employed to select 137 respondents from the population using Cochran's formula. As the research instrument, a questionnaire was developed by the researcher. The findings of the study suggest that the participants possess a moderate to limited understanding of integrated weed management as it pertains to rapeseed products. The findings suggest that the knowledge-education modules address the greatest number of educational requirements pertaining to "the impact of weed presence on the farm" and "the competition between weeds and crops on the farm." The findings revealed that sixteen categories of the knowledge-education needs are at an exceptionally high level. Among these, the categories of "plow preparation," "reduction in crop yield," and "manual weeding" are among the most critical. Furthermore, an examination of each module reveals that when it comes to modules that promote the efficient reduction of herbicide usage and the implementation of hygienic and preventive measures, a significant emphasis should be placed on these aspects. According to the correlation results, there is a significant and negative relationship between the number of educational programs participated in by respondents and the frequency with which farmers visit agricultural extension service offices and their educational needs. An positive correlation exists between the needs and the distance between the village and the city. It is suggested that in this region, farmers be informed through the use of mass media such as local radio and television, as well as posters. Additionally, educational workshops and extension visits can serve as influential means to enhance individuals' skill sets.
Mehran Zand; Morteza Miri; Mohamad reza Kousari; Jahangir Porhemmat; Mahnaz Rahmati; Ali Akbar Noroozi; Ebrahim Karimi Sangchini; Kiyanfar Payamani
Abstract
In most regions of Iran, including the province of Lorestan, the majority of agricultural activities are conducted in the open air. Climate risks have a significant impact on agricultural productivity. Drought and its effects are among the most significant natural threats to the agriculture industry ...
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In most regions of Iran, including the province of Lorestan, the majority of agricultural activities are conducted in the open air. Climate risks have a significant impact on agricultural productivity. Drought and its effects are among the most significant natural threats to the agriculture industry in that area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of drought on the yield of rain-fed crops in Aleshtar county, Lorestan province. To achieve this goal, a combination of field methods, remote sensing, and statistical methods was employed. During ground surveys, data required for laboratory operations (direct method) and measurements using AccuPAR and MODIS sensor images were collected (indirect method). In addition, precipitation data from synoptic stations in the province of Lorestan over the course of 27 years (1991-2017) were utilized to calculate the drought and its impact on yield. According to the calculated drought indices, in the province of Lorestan and the county of Aleshtar, the trend of increasing drought and the recurrence of long-term cycles of wet and drought are evident. The study of phenology characteristics of rainfed crops (barley) in relation to climate conditions revealed that an increase in thermal and water stress has a direct effect on the performance of rainfed crops. Therefore, an increase of 2.5 °C in the average temperature, combined with a lack of moisture supply during flowering, results in a decrease in the number of seeds per spike (16 seeds per spike) and, consequently, a decrease in the plant's yield. At various growth stages of rain-fed plants, the correlation index between LAI harvested by direct methods and remote sensing methods ranges between 0.57 and 0.96. This value represents the precision of remote sensing techniques. From 1991 to 2017, the correlation index values between the yield of rainfed plants, especially wheat and barley, and the values of various drought indices indicate a positive and direct relationship between yield and drought index values. The correlation index between yield and drought index values reaches its maximum value during 1-6 months, and its value decreases as time scales become longer. The physiological properties of various products are one of the primary causes of this circumstance. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that the increase in drought and heat stress in the province of Lorestan and the county of Aleshtar has caused a decrease in yield at various stages of plant growth and an increase in water demand for a variety of rainfed crops.
