Mehrdad Mahlooji; Raouf Seyed Sharifi
Abstract
An experiment was carried out to determine the effects of chelated zinc and nanoscale zinc oxide particles on tolerance salinity of barley. In the experiment, barley seeds were treated with different concentrations of chelated zinc (Zn-Chelated) and nanoscale zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and the effects of ...
Read More
An experiment was carried out to determine the effects of chelated zinc and nanoscale zinc oxide particles on tolerance salinity of barley. In the experiment, barley seeds were treated with different concentrations of chelated zinc (Zn-Chelated) and nanoscale zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and the effects of these treatments on seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, grain filling, and yield were studied. The inhibitory effect of nanoparticles and chelated zinc (1.5 ppm) was discovered.The results emphasize that water can be supplied to the barley followed by Zn-Chelated application with 0.5 ppm to get the desired results. With increasing salinity stress, seed germination and seedling vigor decreased sharply, so the highest obtained from control treatment and the lowest obtained from a salinity level of 18 dS m-1. The genotypes respond differently to salinity levels and alkaline soils. It seems that the Khatam genotype has more tolerance to salinity conditions. Consequently, an experiment was conducted in a strip-plot design with three replications. Based on the correlation coefficients, the kernel number per spike (KNS) showed the highest correlation with the grain yield in barley genotypes, followed by grain filling rate (GFR), maximum grain weight (MGW), thousand-kernel weight (TKW), number of spikes (NS), and saturation water deficit (SWD), respectively. Thus, not only a higher KNS and TKW, but also GFR, MGW, and proline in aboveground plant parts are crucial for successful tolerance in barley. These findings indicate that these agrophysiological traits could be key factors and useful tools for screening many samples in a short time.
Saleh Panahandeh; Maryam Pahlavan Yali
Abstract
Thrips tabacci Lind. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), the onion thrips, is one of the most damaging pests to onion fields. By using biotic or abiotic stimuli or growth regulators, it is possible to induce resistance, which activates the plant's natural defense. The effect of foliar application of two growth ...
Read More
Thrips tabacci Lind. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), the onion thrips, is one of the most damaging pests to onion fields. By using biotic or abiotic stimuli or growth regulators, it is possible to induce resistance, which activates the plant's natural defense. The effect of foliar application of two growth regulators, salicylic acid and potassium silicate, separately and in combination, on onion thrips population density, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll concentration, and height of onion cultivars was investigated in the Jiroft region between 2016 and 2017. The experiment was conducted as a factorial design with 12 replications. Two onion cultivars (Gardesco and Milky Way F1), salicylic acid (0, 0.25, 0.5 mM), and potassium silicate (0, 1, 2 cc. lit-1) were used in three different concentrations. The analysis of variance revealed that the effect of biological fertilizer on thrips population density, fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll concentration, and the effect of onion cultivar on plant height and thrips population density were all statistically significant (Pvalue£0.01). Additionally, the interaction between fertilizer and cultivar was significant only for the pest population density parameter at the 1% level. The treatment with potassium silicate (2 cc. lit-1) resulted in the highest fresh and dry weight values, 363.29 and 120.25, respectively. Milky Way F1 plants were taller (41.16 cm) than Gardesco plants (37.10 cm). These findings indicate that salicylic acid and potassium silicate have the potential to significantly reduce the T. tabaci population
Ramin Rowshani; Ali Solymani; Mehrdad Mahlooji; Mohammad Reza Naderi
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses and variables restricting the successful production of plant products around the world, with negative consequences for plant development and other metabolic processes. The effect of nutrient management (control, 0.5 percent K2SO4, 0.5 percent ZnSO4, ...
Read More
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses and variables restricting the successful production of plant products around the world, with negative consequences for plant development and other metabolic processes. The effect of nutrient management (control, 0.5 percent K2SO4, 0.5 percent ZnSO4, and 1.5 Mm salicylic acid) on physiological parameters, antioxidant activities, and grain yield responses of three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars (Armaghan, Goharan, and Mehr) were examined under salinity stress (1 and 12 dS/m of salinty). Salinity stress considerably lowers growth, yield components, and grain yield, according to the findings. The number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight of all cultivars tested increased after foliar application of salicylic acid. ZnSO4, K2SO4, and salicylic acid influenced grain and biological yields. At a salinity of 12 dS/m, foliar treatment of ZnSO4, K2SO4, and salicylic acid boosted peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase while decreasing hydrogen peroxidase and malondialdehyde. Under the influence of foliar application, the relative water content increased by 12 percent, while the leaf water potential dropped by 8 percent. Salicylic acid treatment had a stronger impact on Mehr cultivar yield and physiological parameters than ZnSO4 or K2SO4. These findings revealed that under the impact of salicylic acid, the Mehr cultivar was more appropriate than other cultivars.
