The impact of embryonic thermal manipulation on the intestinal microbiota, morphology, and long bone characteristics of male broiler chickens

Zaboli, Gholamreza; Dong, Ahn

doi:10.22034/aes.2022.350864.1041

Document Type : Original research article

Authors

Gholamreza Zaboli ¹
Ahn Dong ²

¹ Research institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

² Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

https://doi.org/10.22034/aes.2022.350864.1041

Abstract

Climate change is caused by global warming, which is our most pressing environmental concern. However, some of these modifications will have negative effects on animal welfare and the quality and quantity of poultry products. We examined the effects of different periods of thermal manipulation (TM) during embryogenesis on the European production efficiency index (EPEI), intestinal microbiota and morphology, and long bone characteristics of Ross (308) broilers strain exposed to Chronic Heat Stress (CHS). Consequently, 608 fertile eggs were utilized in a completely randomized design comprising four treatments and four replicates. 7 to 16 days were spent incubating experimental groups with different TM (for control (0 h), 6, 12, and 18 hours). Humidity and temperature were maintained at 65% and 39.5°C. After hatching, male chicks were chosen, housed under standard conditions, and then subjected to chronic heat stress (CHS) between 28 and 42 days later. Mortality in the TM-treated groups was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower than in the control group during CHS, and mortality was lowest after 12 hours of treatment. The EPEI was greater in treated chickens at 12 and 18 hours compared to untreated chickens (P ≤ 0.015). The treatments have no effect on the intestinal microbiota (P ≥ 0.05). The tibial length (P ≤ 0.05) and width (P ≤ 0.048) of birds given 12- and 18-hour treatments increased significantly. ≤ TM caused significant changes in the villus's height and area of the villus (P ≤ 0.05). TM-treated birds had higher villus height than control. It can be concluded that TM may increase the height of villus and long bone characteristics and decrease the mortality rate in broilers exposed to CHS due to adaptation and thermotolerance.

Highlights

The study investigates the effects of thermal manipulation (TM) during embryogenesis on broiler chickens under chronic heat stress (CHS).
TM reduced mortality and increased production efficiency index (EPEI) of chickens exposed to CHS compared to control.
TM did not affect the intestinal microbiota but enhanced the intestinal morphology and long bone characteristics of chickens.
The paper demonstrates that TM is a potential strategy to improve the welfare and performance of broiler chickens under global warming.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Emergy, Life Cycle and System Analysis in Agriculture

The impact of embryonic thermal manipulation on the intestinal microbiota, morphology, and long bone characteristics of male broiler chickens

References

References

Volume 2, Issue 2 - Serial Number 3
December 2022
Pages 145-150

The impact of embryonic thermal manipulation on the intestinal microbiota, morphology, and long bone characteristics of male broiler chickens

References

References

Volume 2, Issue 2 - Serial Number 3December 2022Pages 145-150

Volume 2, Issue 2 - Serial Number 3
December 2022
Pages 145-150